Tailored methods for mapping urban heat islands in Greater Cairo Region

Globally, there is a rapid development of urban heat island (UHI) detection tools, and their results can be accepted regardless accuracy in measuring the real impact phenomenon. In this study, we investigated various UHI tools analysed findings to better interpret reliability. The current research adopted remote sensing field measurements including those using air temperature monitors thermal imaging technologies examine multiple structures four cases Greater Cairo Region. showed that by analysis was affected normalised difference vegetation index. contrast, were also influenced albedo morphological materials present. conclusions revealed do not provide same indicate studying UHIs built environment differs from investigating it two-dimensional layer sensing.